Individual, luminescent point defects in solids so called color centers areatomic-sized quantum systems enabling sensing and imaging with nanoscalespatial resolution. In this overview, we introduce nanoscale sensing based onindividual nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. We discuss two centralchallenges of the field: First, the creation of highly-coherent, shallow NVcenters less than 10 nm below the surface of single-crystal diamond. Second,the fabrication of tip-like photonic nanostructures that enable efficientfluorescence collection and can be used for scanning probe imaging based oncolor centers with nanoscale resolution.
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